ROAD

March 4, 2010
reynerbanham samson
Still from Reyner Banham Loves Los Angeles, 1972 (source)

 

Exchanging the sidewalk for the road, the flâneur stopped walking some time ago and began driving. As the American city changed, so did the figure of urban modernity. In his travel documentary Reyner Banham Loves Los Angeles, the architect takes to the streets of LA in a car: “…freeway driving is interesting in itself, from up here, you see the most weird and extraordinary things and places you can hardly see from down below”. His voyeuristic gaze, framed by the rear-view mirror and steering wheel of his car, takes in the urban mess.

 

The car as the classic symbol of individuality serves to highlight the truly solitary condition of the flâneur. He consumes the city: an array of endless streets and infinite freeways running for miles. He drives alone, but amidst the traffic surrounding him. To Baudelaire, the flâneur was the “man of the crowd”. Refusing a possible isolation, for Banham, the flâneur becomes the man of the traffic. While Banham’s 1970’s documentary, reflects on the emerging car-centric culture of Los Angeles, it is clear that as of today, the city hasn’t changed and the flâneur drives on.

 

Still from Samson and Delilah, 2009 (source)

 

Imagery of the road inhabited is, perhaps unwittingly, recurring in the recent Australian film Samson and Delilah. The protagonists, indigenous teenagers Samson and Delilah, live life amongst a scatter of derelict community settlements in central Australia. The inadequate condition of housing (largely due to the government’s continued, incoherent response) means life, with all of its complexities, spills outside. In the film, buildings exist in the background; it is on, and at the periphery of roads—wide, gently convex, empty—where we sense an activation of space.

 

Absent of solids and voids, how would have Giambattista Nolli mapped the networks of habitation in the Australian desert? This is a land of inversion; a vacuum of openness, in which the built environment is a frail intrusion. From a bird’s eye, the strongest human mark is the swath of roads which carve long, asymmetrical shapes across the terrain.

 

There have been extensive writings on viewing landscapes from the seat of a car, for example Tom Wolfe’s infamous labeling of the Las Vegas urban strip as… more

 

Simon Pennec

Amelia McPhee

 

2 comments » | Guest Contributors

GRACEFUL

March 3, 2010
palaciobarolo porcelain
Detail of Palacio Barolo, Photo by Author, 2009 Graceful, Samson Reproduction by the London Porcelain Factory of Bow, Photo by Author, 2010

 

The Palacio Barolo’s design was based on the golden section and the golden number and found its inspiration in accordance with the cosmology of Dante’s Divine Comedy. The height of one hundred meters corresponds to the one hundred cantos of Dante’s work, with twenty-two floors, equal to the stanzas of the verses in the Divine Comedy. The building scheme and the Divine Comedy are both divided into three parts: Hell, Purgatory and Paradise. The basement and ground floor represent Hell. The upper floors and the cupola (floors one to fourteen) symbolize the seven levels of Purgatory. And the lighthouse (floors fifteen to twenty-two) represents Heaven with its nine angelic choirs. The cupola is inspired by a Hindu temple dedicated to love and symbolizes the union of Dante with his beloved Beatrice.

 

The stairways contain 1410 steps in Carrera marble which are decorated with ironwork, stained glass, lamps and moldings, while the walls and columns are faced in granite. The crowning moment is the tower, which when viewed from the ground floor, seems to float away from the general mass of the building. This is topped by a cupola which is adorned with much symbolic ornament.

 

The the narrative inspiration, the controlled proportions of the delicate fluid curves and the precious materials used in this building, inspires an elegance and beauty which characterizes a graceful architectural masterpiece.

 

The expert at the auction house told me how you are supposed to be holding something that must have broken off a long time ago—a cauldron or a flame—but it simply cannot have been that your maker had wanted you to stay that way. If you had indeed once been holding something, then whoever made you must have placed it in your hands as a trial, a challenge for some future owner to come forward and avail you of your burden. Your arms are far too elegant and relaxed, your posture far too languid and flowing, your limpid expression and rosy flesh far too untroubled to have ever been meant for any sort of exertion. The likes of you are intended for nothing but a soft and diaphanous easiness, a perfect absence of conflict, like the sleeping face of a baby, or the slow caresses of enamored lovers. And if whatever it was you were holding was meant to tell a story, or convey a moral, then it must have weighed you down even more than the few grams of its clay, darkening the crimson of your cape with arduous meanings. Whoever it was, before you came into my possession, that had the grace to free you of your flame or pot, and whatever moral imperatives it came laden with, emptied you of content and set you floating slightly off from the ground, weightless, dancing ever so slightly. The way you are now must be what your maker had intended: a little embodiment of that mindless perfection of ease which we all secretly yearn for, that elegance which comes from the triumph of the body over its troubled interior, that quality we refer to as divinely bestowed since it releases you from… more

 

Marie Isabel de Monseignat

 

 

Adam Nathaniel Furman

 

2 comments » | Editorial, Guest Contributors, Regular Contributors

SEXUAL

March 2, 2010
gay apparel
Re-Envisioned Gay A + A Facade, Image by Author, 2007 (source)

 

Despite the prevalence of homosexuals in the field of architecture—I can attest to their high numbers as a member of this group—I cannot say that I have ever come across an architecture that is distinctly homosexual in appearance. It is not surprising given that the architects of past generations operated from within the closet. While Paul Rudolph’s work is often cited as overtly homosexual—the corduroy banding of his Yale Art and Architecture building is said to be a vision of frolicking boys in trousers—I am genuinely left unconvinced.

 

For Susan Sontag, the most homosexual of aesthetics is camp, an umbrella term for everything that we homosexuals hold dear: rainbows, Lady Gaga, The View, mushrooms, mugs, Us Weekly, lamps (of all sorts), googly eyes, martini’s, Les Misérables, penises, gold spray paint, The Legend of the Seeker, bright colors, androgyny, Oprah, rhinestones, cupcakes, textiles, pyramids, Dolly Parton, to name just a few. Camp and architecture, however, lead exclusive lives.

 

Due to the enforced seriousness of the discipline, gay architects have denied themselves their playful inclinations (their propensity for camp), and have insisted on carrying the aesthetic burden of their heterosexual colleagues and clients in order to prove their capacity for high design. To this effect, there is no greater insult for the queer, educated architect, than being mistaken for the “gay decorator”. But, while the homosexual architect operates in the realm of understated polite (boring and outmoded) taste, the gay decorator is playful, risque, punk, loud, in your face, garish, silly, humorous, sexy, spontaneous, innovative, absurd, ridiculous, happy, but above all, he remains relevant to contemporary practice. It is my sense that in coming out of the closet as homosexuals, collectively as architects, we have left this gay decorator behind. It is about time he was released to work his magic.

 

American Apparel Advertisement, 2007 (source)

 

We live in a designed environment. Our urban context has been shaped by the minds of planners, designers and architects; the freeways we drive on, the parks we nap in and the stores we purchase groceries from. Much of the fabric of reality we take for granted has been assembled intentionally for aesthetics, for utility, or for power. Our sexuality, as defined by culture, is also a designed environment.

 

The construction and dissemination of culture is largely what differentiates us from the other animals we share this planet with. These cultural memes may convey simple messages such as what food is poisonous and what is safe to eat and they may communicate complexities such as what particular subculture of person we find attractive. We all generate culture in our day to day interactions—learning and teaching, thinking and speaking—but some voices are louder than others. Kalle Lasn writes, “from the moment your radio alarm sounds in the morning to the wee hours of late-night TV microjolts of commercial pollution flood into your brain at the rate of around 3,000 marketing messages per day. Everyday an estimated 12,000,000,000 display ads, 3,000,000 radio commercials and more than 200,000 television commercials are dumped into North America’s collective unconscious,” and each of these messages agrees or conflicts with our ever-evolving and growing sense of normalcy. It is through the advertising and purchasing of branded products that many of us develop our sexual identities. For example, queer children are raised in a culture that constantly reminds them that heterosexuality is normal (buy roses for your wife on Valentine’s Day!) and may transform their innate sexual feelings into slapstick, or worse.

 

We can all generate a list of cultural messages quite easily. Without reading too much into it… more

 

E. Sean Bailey

Sylvan Z.

 

4 comments » | Editorial, Guest Contributors

FAILURE

March 1, 2010
haiti elemental
Port au Prince Devastation, UN Development Program, 2010 (source)
Quinta Monroy Residential Development, designed by Elemental, Chile, 2004 (source)

 

When cats fail, lolz to the max. When architecture fails; death.

 

The tragic results of architectural failure have meant a long history of building regulations. As early as 1700 BC the Code of Hammurabi decreed that: “If a builder builds a house for someone, and does not construct it properly, and the house which he built falls in and kills its owner, then that builder shall be put to death.” While failure due to negligence is effectively dissuaded through punitive measures, the approach is useless against unintentional failures: failures due to accidents or natural disasters. As recently as the 19th century, it was common for entire cities to burn down due to a lack of fire regulations and insufficient or non-existent plumbing and incendiary infrastructure. It was not until the great fires in Chicago, New York, London and elsewhere, that these municipalities finally overhauled fire safety response tactics, and shifted towards a policy of prevention—the birth of modern day fire codes. In these cases it took massive failure for us to collectively learn from our mistakes. The recent examples of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, and the earthquake in Haiti, suggest that there is still much learning to be done.

 

Buildings fail for any number of reasons, under a variety of conditions. A uniquely powerful example that demonstrates architectural failure is, of course, Minoru Yamasaki’s Pruitt-Igoe. A public housing project consisting of thirty-three apartment blocks built in 1955, it was conceived under the tenants of modernist rational planning and social engineering, only to reveal itself as an unsympathetic structure which bred poverty, crime and social dislocation. As Pruitt-Igoe failed to fulfill its ambition of providing a nurturing domestic environment, it was ultimately demolished in 1972.

 

While the negative aspects are emphasized in the Pruitt-Igoe scenario, it is possible to learn from this experience. Building on the lessons of Yamasaki’s design, contemporary architects are implementing new approaches to social housing such as those championed by Alejandro Aravena. His practice Elemental provides the components of housing that people would not be able to provide for themselves (structure, roof, kitchens and bathrooms) based on a customizable expandable model. This approach avoids the pitfalls of Pruitt-Igoe by engaging social housing issues with a realistic… more

 

E. Sean Bailey

 

 

Erandi de Silva

 

2 comments » | Editorial

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